Apple has a reputation for making products that “just work,” but many Mac users may still need to occasionally troubleshoot their desktop or laptop. Thankfully, there are a number startup options that are available on recent Macs to aid in both troubleshooting and system management. Here’s a look at seven essential Mac startup options that every OS X user should know.

Just use the table below as a handy guide in case you forget the specific keys necessary for each option.

STARTUP KEYSDESCRIPTION
Command-R Boot to OS X Recovery Mode
Alt/Option Access Mac Startup Manager
C Boot to CD, DVD, or USB
N NetBoot
Shift Safe Boot
Command-V Verbose Mode
Command-S Single User Mode
Command-Option-P-R Reset PRAM
T Enable Target Disk Mode